Ecology: Concepts and Application, Research Paper Example

Introduction

This essay describes concepts pertaining to pollination ecology ficus religiosa in Israel. It also explores the diversity and structure of an Australian fig wasp. Further, an explanation concerning the effects of within-tree flowering asynchrony on the dynamics of seed and wasp production in an Australian figs species will be undertaken. The information in these articles will be analyzed in relation to experiments conducted during August 15^th through to the 29^th, 2015 regarding the Australian wasps. These experiments pertain to the Australian Fig wasp. The class contained 35 students and various sections of the wasp experiment were assigned to groups consisting of 4 – 6 students.

Each experiment measured length and width of the wasp (fruit) according to the growth experienced during experimentation period. Various species of the wasp fruit were investigated. They included male and female p. imperialist founders; eukobelea sp male and female; eurotoma male and female; herodotia male and female; megastigmu male and female; messalatus, ormaridea; unknown; philotypresis; psuedidarnes minerva; psychophilia; wastameilla; and sycoscraper.

Totals

1574

2112

1013

2642

336

4794

Discussion

The number of male flowers reflects the fertilization potential of the Australian wasps. Key reproductive parts of the flower whether male or female consist of the stigma, style and ovary. The stamen or male part embodies the anther also known as the pollen sac, which also has a filament for support. Other parts completing the flower are petals; sepals and nectar glands. The pistil is called the female part of the flower. There were 1574 male flowers, which can be considered appropriate to attract enough insects for pollination to occur. From the pollination process a total of 2112 seeds emerged.

These seeds represent the maximum reproduction capacity of male flowers utilized in the experiment. Ultimately, 1013 ovules with wasps were birth from the reproduction experience. It means that this is the likely amount of new wasps that will grow from 2112 seeds. However, there were from the entire number of flowers used in the experiment 2642 remained un-pollinated and they contained no wasps. Pollination prepares the plant for fusing of the male and female gametes known as fertilization. Consequently these are the seeds that were really lost in this experiment and represent an enemy space. In the end there were 336 ovules with exit holes.atotal of 4794 seeds plus ovaries were accounted for in this experiment. It would appear that the pollination + fertilization + wasps development is very low since there was approximately 60%  of non-pollinated wasps.

The X axis is shown on the vertical line displaying results in numbers. The Y axis shows the names of test conducted.Researchers believe that wasp communities have a very high capacity for comparative studies especially, in their inflorescence combination with fig trees. In this study a description of the individual communities was conducted. The communities were identified in the previous paragraph .Ficus rubiginosa in Australia was the focus of the study. Different sampling techniques were utilized in describing the community’s composition (Segar, Dunn, Darwell, & Cook, 2013).

Conclusion

In the final analysis a summary of seven specific features were identified. They pertained to number of male flowers; number of good seeds; number of ovules with wasps; number of ovules un-pollinated no wasps; number of ovules with an exist hole and the total number of ovules plus seeds were given for the entire experiment. The foregoing table displayed specifics of the experiment. The featured graph shows results’ totals of the seven features explored for the entire experiment.

References

Segar, S. Dunn, W. Darwell, C., & Cook, J. (2013). How to be a fig wasp down under: The diversity and structure of an Australian fig wasp community. Elsevier Masson SAS

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