Pain Relief Grief and Purdue Discussion

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Opioids: Pain Relief, Grief, and Purdue
Essay writing
2 pages
1 double-spaced page = 300 words
1 slide = 150 words
60 minutes – 300 words
Behavioral Psychology
Formatting style-APA
Use appropriate sources,no specific sources were provided
Dear writer, the main topic is positive organizational behavior. You are to write on HISTORY OF OPIOIDS AND MEDICAL USE Task overview: The human experience contains both joy and pain, and physical forms of the latter have many causes, from disease to trauma. Since the 1800s humans have been treating pain with opioids, a class of very powerful painkillers extracted and created from the opium poppy, such as heroin, morphine, and codeine. To provide a sense of the long history and use of opioids, it is interesting to note the Bayer Company manufactured heroin for commercial sale in 1898. One of the major uses at the time was as a cough suppressant, and not just for pain relief. The addictive properties became well known by the 1920s and the sale of heroin was banned. World War II was a turning point in opioid use. The scale of the war resulted in enormous numbers of injuries and soldiers who suffered from both acute and chronic pain, but physicians then had a limited arsenal with which to treat such conditions. Oxycodone, manufactured from a chemical in opium, was one of the drugs used in what was then the early days of what we now refer to as pain management. New drugs entered the market in the 1970s, like Percodan (oxycodone and aspirin) and Percocet (oxycodone and acetaminophen), but most physicians were taught to avoid prescribing such highly addictive medications to patients. ATTACHED: Step 1 Full instructions

Grading Rubrics

Critical Elements

Distinguished

(100%)

Proficient

(85%)

Basic

(70%)

Below Expectations

(50%)

Non-Performance

(0%)

Thesis Statement

Raises the strongest objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is strongly grounded in research and logical reasoning.

Raises a plausible objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is mostly grounded in research and logical reasoning.

Raises an objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is somewhat grounded in research and logical reasoning.

Attempts to raise an objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is minimally grounded in research and logical reasoning.

The objection to the thesis is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.

Counter Argument

Provides a strong, thorough rebuttal to the objection. The rebuttal effectively demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and applies the principles of charity and accuracy.

Provides a rebuttal to the objection. The rebuttal mostly demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and mostly applies the principles of charity and accuracy.

Provides a limited rebuttal to the objection. The rebuttal somewhat demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and somewhat applies the principles of charity and accuracy.

Attempts to provide a rebuttal to the objection; however, the rebuttal minimally demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and does not apply the principles of charity and accuracy.

The rebuttal is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.

Conclusion

– Provides clear and concise closing remarks that comprehensively summarize the essay. The remarks consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problem.

Provides closing remarks that summarize the essay. The remarks mostly consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problem. The closing remarks are somewhat unclear.

Provides closing remarks that minimally summarizes the essay. The remarks minimally consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problems. The closing remarks are unclear and/or vague.

Attempts to provide closing remarks that summarize the essay, however, the remarks do not consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problem. The closing remarks are unclear and vague.

The closing remarks are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.

Written Communication: Context of and Purpose for Writing

Demonstrates methodical application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is evident and easy to understand. Summaries, quotes, and/or paraphrases fit naturally into the sentences and paragraphs. Paper flows smoothly.

Demonstrates sufficient application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is, for the most part, clear and easy to understand. There are some problems with the blending of summaries, paraphrases, and quotes. Paper flows somewhat smoothly.

Demonstrates a limited understanding of organization and presentation of content in written work. The purpose of the writing is somewhat evident but may not be integrated throughout the assignment. There are many problems with the blending of summaries, paraphrases, and quotes. Paper does not flow smoothly in all sections.

Organization and presentation of content are extremely limited. The purpose of the writing is unclear. There is little or no blending of summaries, paraphrases, and quotes. Paper does not flow smoothly when read.